解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Synaptic plasticity is considered to be the biological substrate of learning and memory. In this document we review phenomenological models of short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity, in particular spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP). The aim of the document is to provide a framework for classifying and eval...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00422-008-0233-1
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Firing-rate models describing neural-network activity can be formulated in terms of differential equations for the synaptic drive from neurons. Such models are typically derived from more general models based on Volterra integral equations assuming exponentially decaying temporal coupling kernels describing the coupli...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-007-0167-z
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leg movements of stick insects (Carausius morosus) making turns towards visual targets are examined in detail, and a dynamic model of this behaviour is proposed. Initial results suggest that front legs shape most of the body trajectory, while the middle and hind legs just follow external forces (Rosano H, Webb B, in T...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-007-0170-4
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms that control the limbs position during rhythmic voluntary oscillations were investigated in ten subjects, who were asked to synchronise the lower peak of their hand or foot rhythmic oscillations to a metronome beat. The efficacy of the "position control" was estimated by measuring the degree of synchron...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-007-0159-z
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Panoramic image differences can be used for view-based homing under natural outdoor conditions, because they increase smoothly with distance from a reference location (Zeil et al., J Opt Soc Am A 20(3):450-469, 2003). The particular shape, slope and depth of such image difference functions (IDFs) recorded at any one p...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-007-0147-3
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper develops a novel control system for functional electrical stimulation (FES) locomotion, which aims to generate normal locomotion for paraplegics via FES. It explores the possibility of applying ideas from biology to engineering. The neural control mechanism of the biological motor system, the central patter...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-006-0107-3
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we present a continuous attractor network model that we hypothesize will give some suggestion of the mechanisms underlying several neural processes such as velocity tuning to visual stimulus, sensory discrimination, sensorimotor transformations, motor control, motor imagery, and imitation. All of these ...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-006-0131-3
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The generation of informational sequences and their reorganization or reshaping is one of the most intriguing subjects for both neuroscience and the theory of autonomous intelligent systems. In spite of the diversity of sequential activities of sensory, motor, and cognitive neural systems, they have many similarities ...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00422-006-0121-5
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the neural superposition eye of a dipteran fly every ommatidium has eight photoreceptors, each associated with a rhabdomere, two central and six peripheral, which altogether result in seven functional light guides. Groups of eight rhabdomeres in neighboring ommatidia have largely overlapping fields of view. Based o...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-006-0097-1
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A visual model for object detection is proposed. In order to make the detection ability comparable with existing technical methods for object detection, an evolution equation of neurons in the model is derived from the computational principle of active contours. The hierarchical structure of the model emerges naturall...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-006-0088-2
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In primates, it is well known that there is a consistent relationship between the duration, peak velocity and amplitude of saccadic eye movements, known as the 'main sequence'. The reason why such a stereotyped relationship evolved is unknown. We propose that a fundamental constraint on the deployment of foveal vision...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-006-0064-x
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The previous companion paper describes the initial (seed) schema architecture that gives rise to the observed prey-catching behavior. In this second paper in the series we describe the fundamental adaptive processes required during learning after lesioning. Following bilateral transections of the hypoglossal nerve, an...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-005-0014-z
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lateral-line system is a unique facility of aquatic animals to locate predator, prey, or conspecifics. We present a detailed model of how the clawed frog Xenopus, or fish, can localize submerged moving objects in three dimensions by using their lateral-line system. In so doing we develop two models of a slightly d...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-005-0005-0
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper we perform a bifurcation analysis for a discrete time dynamical system, describing the behavior of a virtual fly, developed by Böddeker and Egelhaaf (2003). Like real blowflies, the virtual counterparts exhibit a dichotomous behavior: they catch small targets but follow big objects at a constant distance...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-005-0581-z
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spinal neural networks of larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) generate a variety of movements such as escape, struggling, and swimming. Various mechanisms at the neural and network levels have been proposed to account for switches between these behaviors. However, there are currently no detailed demonstrations of such ...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-005-0576-9
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::When human subjects are presented with a pair of visual targets that alternate periodically, they track the targets with rapid eye movements known as saccades. In previous work we demonstrated that at low pacing rates (<0.5 Hz), saccades have a latency of about 180 ms, and the latencies are uncorrelated from trial to ...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-005-0584-9
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the first part of lifting movements, the trunk movement is surprisingly resistant to perturbations. This study examined which factors contribute to this perturbation resistance of the trunk during lifting. Three possible mechanisms were studied: force-length-velocity characteristics of muscles, the momentum of the ...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-005-0583-x
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The trace version of classical conditioning is used as a prototypical hippocampal-dependent task to study the recoding sequence prediction theory of hippocampal function. This theory conjectures that the hippocampus is a random recoder of sequences and that, once formed, the neuronal codes are suitable for prediction....
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-005-0568-9
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motion repulsion is the perceived enlargement of the angle between the directions of motion of two transparently moving patterns. An explanation of this illusion has long been sought for in the neural circuitry of the brain. We show that motion repulsion already arises from the statistical properties of the motion tra...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-005-0556-0
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well known that the human postural control system responds to motion of the visual scene, but the implicit assumptions it makes about the visual environment and what quantities, if any, it estimates about the visual environment are unknown. This study compares the behavior of four models of the human postural co...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-004-0535-x
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We offer a hypothesis on the organization of multi-effector motor synergies and illustrate it with the task of force production with a set of fingers. A physical metaphor, a leaking bucket, is analyzed to demonstrate that an inanimate structure can show apparent error compensation among its elements. A neural model is...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-005-0548-0
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Grating cells were discovered in the V1 and V2 areas of the monkey visual cortex by von der Heydt et al. (1992). These cells responded vigorously to grating patterns of appropriate orientation and periodicity. Computational models inspired by these findings were used as texture operator (Kruzinga and Petkov 1995, 1999...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-004-0522-2
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flies have the capability to visually track small moving targets, even across cluttered backgrounds. Previous computational models, based on figure detection (FD) cells identified in the fly, have suggested how this may be accomplished at a neuronal level based on information about relative motion between the target a...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-004-0518-y
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The action potentials (impulses) produced by pairs of neighboring retinal ganglion cells often show a tendency either to fire in close temporal synchrony or to avoid temporal synchrony. This cross-correlation (a rate of "coincidences" that differs from that expected by chance) has been exploited as a window into retin...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-004-0492-4
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rotations of the eye are generated by the torques that the eye muscles apply to the eye. The relationship between eye orientation and the direction of the torques generated by the extraocular muscles is therefore central to any understanding of the control of three-dimensional eye movements of any type. We review the ...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-004-0477-3
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the dynamic effects of external forces on the displacement of the otolith membrane and subsequent neuronal responses of otoliths, we performed numerical analyses of otolith membrane displacements. In these studies we included the full geometry of the human otolith maculae, including their 3D curvature. ...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-003-0456-0
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A computational model of a learning system (LS) is described that acquires knowledge and skill necessary for optimal control of a multisegmental limb dynamics (controlled object or CO), starting from "knowing" only the dimensionality of the object's state space. It is based on an optimal control problem setup differen...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-003-0452-4
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptic release was simulated using a Simulink sequential storage model with three vesicular pools. Modeling was modular and easily extendable to the systems with greater number of vesicular pools, parallel input, or time-varying parameters. Given an input (short or long tetanic trains, patterned or random stimulatio...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-003-0432-8
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons in sensory cortices are often assumed to be "feature detectors", computing simple and then successively more complex features out of the incoming sensory stream. These features are somehow integrated into percepts. Despite many years of research, a convincing candidate for such a feature in primary auditory co...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00422-003-0445-3
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes the aspects involved in modelling a multi-robot system from a human motor control perspective. The human motor control system has a hierarchical and decentralised structure, and building a control system for a multi-robot system that attains human features would require a decomposable model. Decom...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-003-0427-5
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We discuss a biophysical model of synaptic plasticity that provides a unified view of the outcomes of synaptic modification protocols, including: (1) prescribed time courses of postsynaptic intracellular Ca(2+) release, (2) postsynaptic voltage clamping with presentation of presynaptic spike trains at various frequenc...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-003-0422-x
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons receive a continual stream of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs. A conductance-based neuron model is used to investigate how the balanced component of this input modulates the amplitude of neuronal responses. The output spiking rate is well described by a formula involving three parameters: the mean mu...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-003-0408-8
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A randomization method is developed for the calculation of covariation between multiple variables that are linked nonlinearly to a dependent variable. Covariation is a phenomenon often invoked in the study of movement coordination to capture the fact that in coordinated movement the outcome shows greater than expected...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-003-0399-5
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Akinematical model for excitable wave propagation is analyzed to describe the dynamics of a typical neurological symptom of migraine. The kinematical model equation is solved analytically for a linear dependency between front curvature and velocity. The resulting wave starts from an initial excitation and moves in the...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1007/s00422-003-0405-y
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An intracellular recording made from the retinal luminosity horizontal cell (LHC) demonstrated that repetitive red flashes enhanced the cell's responsiveness to red stimulus and depressed its responsiveness to green stimulus and that repetitive green flashes suppressed the cell's red response but produced little chang...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-002-0392-4
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a modified version of a phenomenological model for the dynamics of synaptic plasticity, we examine some recent experiments of Wu et al. [(2001) J Physiol 533:745-755]. We show that the model is quantitatively consistent with their experimental protocols producing long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depres...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-002-0376-4
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concerted and self-organizing behavior of spinal cord segments in generating locomotor patterns is modulated by afferent sensory information and controlled by descending pathways from the brainstem, cerebellum, or cortex. The purpose of this study was to define a minimal set of parameters that could control a simi...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-002-0335-0
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several formulations of correlation-based Hebbian learning are reviewed. On the presynaptic side, activity is described either by a firing rate or by presynaptic spike arrival. The state of the postsynaptic neuron can be described by its membrane potential, its firing rate, or the timing of backpropagating action pote...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00422-002-0353-y
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The information transmission properties of single, de-efferented primary muscle-spindle afferents from the hind limb of the cat were investigated. The gastrocnemius medialis muscle was stretched randomly while recording spike trains from several muscle-spindle afferents in the dorsal root. Two classes of input stimuli...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-002-0341-2
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histograms of fast-phase intervals in human optokinetic and vestibular nystagmus were generated, and fitted to statistical distributions used in previous studies. The distributions did not depend on stimulation type (optokinetic or vestibular). An inverse Gaussian or a gamma distribution fitted the data better than di...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-002-0324-3
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00